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Post Conflict Development Countries
Angola
 
Angola was a Portuguese dominion from 1483 to 1975. Independence was followed by the power struggle between Marxist MPLA, backed by USSR and Cuba, and UNITA backed by South Africa and the
US as a safeguard against communist influence.

Reconciliation seamed feasible when the UN monitored elections in 1992. However, UNITA renewed fighting after being beaten at polls.

In 1993, UN imposed sanctions against UNITA and the US recognized MPLA. This was followed by another peace accord in 1994. The UN sent in peacekeepers. UNITA and MPLA agreed to form a unity government and to join forces into a national army in 1996.

In 1998, a UN plane was shot down, as fighting between MPLA and UNITA resumed. MPLA-dominated government forces also intervened in the civil war in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Since the fighting worsened in 1999, the UN peacekeepers withdrew. Due to the connection between the civil war and unregulated diamond trade, UN imposed smart sanctions by freezing bank accounts used in the diamond trade.

The MPLA-dominated government and UNITA signed a ceasefire after UNITA’s leader was killed in 2002. The UN appealed for aid for thousands of refugees. Half a million Angolans faced starvation.

Currently, oil exports stimulate Angola’s economy. The visit of the Chinese Prime Minister on June 20 indicates new trends in Angola’s foreign trade policies.
Angola                                  
Series 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
1. Proportion of population below $1 (1993 PPP) per day                                  
Purchasing power parities (PPP), national currency per 1993 international dollar (WB)       1.7187                          
Last updated: 01 Aug 2006                                  
                                   
4. Prevalence of underweight children under five years of age                                  
 Children under 5 moderately or severely underweight, percentage                       30.5          
Last updated: 02 Aug 2006                                  
Children under 5 severely underweight, percentage                       8.4          
Last updated: 02 Aug 2006                                  
                                   
5. Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption                                  
 Population undernourished, percentage   58.02         49.03           38.04        
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
Population undernourished, number of people   56000002         54000003           50000004        
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
6. Net enrolment ratio in primary education                                  
 Both sexes   50.3                              
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Girls   49.1                              
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Boys   51.5                              
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
7. Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5                                  
 Both sexes   8               8 8 8 8 8      
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Boys   8               8 8 8 8 8      
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Girls   8               8 8 8 8 8      
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
 Primary completion rate, both sexes   34.7                              
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
8. Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds                                  
 Both sexes                             72.25,6    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
Women                             63.25,6    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
Men                             83.75,6    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
9. Ratio of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education                                  
 Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment   0.92               0.86              
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
 Gender Parity Index in secondary level enrolment                   0.83 0.82 0.78          
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
 Gender Parity Index in tertiary level enrolment                   0.63     0.66 0.66      
Last updated: 05 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
10. Ratio of literate women to men, 15-24 years old                                  
 Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old                             0.755,6    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
11. Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector                                  
 Percentage             23.57                    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
12. Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament                                  
 Seats held by women in national parliament, percentage 14.5             9.5 9.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15 15
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Total number of seats in national parliament 289             220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Seats held by women in national parliament 42             21 21 34 34 34 34 34 34 33 33
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Seats held by men in national parliament 247             199 199 186 186 186 186 186 186 187 220
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
13. Under-five mortality rate                                  
 Children under five mortality rate per 1,000 live births 260         260         260       260    
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
14. Infant mortality rate                                  
 Infant mortality rate (0-1 year) per 1,000 live births 154         154         154       154    
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
15. Proportion of 1 year-old children immunized against measles                                  
 Children