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Angola
 
Angola was a Portuguese dominion from 1483 to 1975. Independence was followed by the power struggle between Marxist MPLA, backed by USSR and Cuba, and UNITA backed by South Africa and the
US as a safeguard against communist influence.

Reconciliation seamed feasible when the UN monitored elections in 1992. However, UNITA renewed fighting after being beaten at polls.

In 1993, UN imposed sanctions against UNITA and the US recognized MPLA. This was followed by another peace accord in 1994. The UN sent in peacekeepers. UNITA and MPLA agreed to form a unity government and to join forces into a national army in 1996.

In 1998, a UN plane was shot down, as fighting between MPLA and UNITA resumed. MPLA-dominated government forces also intervened in the civil war in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Since the fighting worsened in 1999, the UN peacekeepers withdrew. Due to the connection between the civil war and unregulated diamond trade, UN imposed smart sanctions by freezing bank accounts used in the diamond trade.

The MPLA-dominated government and UNITA signed a ceasefire after UNITA’s leader was killed in 2002. The UN appealed for aid for thousands of refugees. Half a million Angolans faced starvation.

Currently, oil exports stimulate Angola’s economy. The visit of the Chinese Prime Minister on June 20 indicates new trends in Angola’s foreign trade policies.
Angola                                  
Series 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
1. Proportion of population below $1 (1993 PPP) per day                                  
Purchasing power parities (PPP), national currency per 1993 international dollar (WB)       1.7187                          
Last updated: 01 Aug 2006                                  
                                   
4. Prevalence of underweight children under five years of age                                  
 Children under 5 moderately or severely underweight, percentage                       30.5          
Last updated: 02 Aug 2006                                  
Children under 5 severely underweight, percentage                       8.4          
Last updated: 02 Aug 2006                                  
                                   
5. Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption                                  
 Population undernourished, percentage   58.02         49.03           38.04        
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
Population undernourished, number of people   56000002         54000003           50000004        
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
6. Net enrolment ratio in primary education                                  
 Both sexes   50.3                              
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Girls   49.1                              
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Boys   51.5                              
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
7. Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5                                  
 Both sexes   8               8 8 8 8 8      
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Boys   8               8 8 8 8 8      
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Girls   8               8 8 8 8 8      
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
 Primary completion rate, both sexes   34.7                              
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
8. Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds                                  
 Both sexes                             72.25,6    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
Women                             63.25,6    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
Men                             83.75,6    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
9. Ratio of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education                                  
 Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment   0.92               0.86              
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
 Gender Parity Index in secondary level enrolment                   0.83 0.82 0.78          
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
 Gender Parity Index in tertiary level enrolment                   0.63     0.66 0.66      
Last updated: 05 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
10. Ratio of literate women to men, 15-24 years old                                  
 Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old                             0.755,6    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
11. Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector                                  
 Percentage             23.57                    
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
12. Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament                                  
 Seats held by women in national parliament, percentage 14.5             9.5 9.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15 15
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Total number of seats in national parliament 289             220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Seats held by women in national parliament 42             21 21 34 34 34 34 34 34 33 33
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
Seats held by men in national parliament 247             199 199 186 186 186 186 186 186 187 220
Last updated: 07 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
13. Under-five mortality rate                                  
 Children under five mortality rate per 1,000 live births 260         260         260       260    
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
14. Infant mortality rate                                  
 Infant mortality rate (0-1 year) per 1,000 live births 154         154         154       154    
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
15. Proportion of 1 year-old children immunized against measles                                  
 Children 1 year old immunized against measles, percentage 38 39 39 47 44 46 62 78 65 46 41 72 74 62 64    
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
16. Maternal mortality ratio                                  
 Maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births 15001         13001         17001            
Last updated: 23 Jan 2004                                  
                                   
17. Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel                                  
 Percentage                       44.7          
Last updated: 02 Aug 2006                                  
                                   
18. HIV prevalence among pregnant women aged 15-24 years                                  
 HIV prevalence rate among pregnant women,15-24 years old, attending antenatal care in clinics in capital cities                       6.3     2.8    
Last updated: 20 Jul 2006                                  
People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage                       3.7   3.7   3.7  
Last updated: 20 Jul 2006                                  
AIDS deaths                       18000   29000   30000  
Last updated: 20 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
19. Condom use rate of the contraceptive prevalence rate                                  
 Condom use to overall contraceptive use among currently married women 15-49 years old, percentage             3.7         4.8          
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
19.b Percentage of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS                                  
Women 15-24 years old, who know that a person can protect himself from HIV infection by consistent condom use, percentage                     30            
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
Women 15-24 years old, who know that a healthy-looking person can transmit HIV, percentage                     43            
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
19.c Contraceptive prevalence rate                                  
 Contraceptive use among currently married women 15-49 years old, any method, percentage             8.1         6.2          
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
Contraceptive use among currently married women 15-49 years old, modern methods, percentage             4         4.5          
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
Contraceptive use among currently married women 15-49 years old, condom, percentage             0.3         0.3          
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
20. Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years                                  
AIDS orphans (one or both parents)                     65000 87000   120000   160000  
Last updated: 20 Jul 2006                                  
 Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans                     0.9            
Last updated: 27 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
22. Proportion of population in malaria-risk areas using effective malaria prevention and treatment measures                                  
 Children under 5 sleeping under insecticide-treated bed nets, percentage                       2.3          
Last updated: 02 Aug 2006                                  
 Children under 5 with fever being treated with anti-malarial drugs, percentage                       63          
Last updated: 02 Aug 2006                                  
                                   
23. Prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis                                  
 Tuberculosis prevalence rate per 100,000 population 520                   535 335 305 277 310    
Last updated: 17 Jul 2006                                  
 Tuberculosis death rate per 100,000 population 64.6                   71.1 45.5 31 26.6 32.2    
Last updated: 17 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
24. Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected and cured under DOTS (internationally-recommended TB contral stategy)                                  
 Tuberculosis detection rate under DOTS, percentage               61.3 39.3 51.3   76.8 107.3 107.7 93.7    
Last updated: 17 Jul 2006                                  
 Tuberculosis treatment success rate under DOTS, percentage               14.5 68.2   67.7 65.6 73.8 68.2      
Last updated: 05 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
25. Proportion of land area covered by forest                                  
 Percentage 48.9                   47.9         47.4  
Last updated: 23 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
26. Ratio of area protected to maintain biological diversity to surface area                                  
 Protected area to total surface area, percentage 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636 12.0636  
Last updated: 24 Jul 2006                                  
Protected areas, sq. km. 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580 154580  
Last updated: 24 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
27. Energy use (kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (PPP)                                  
 Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP 26812 27712 22412 31212 24212 33612 33112 33712 30212 29712 32112 33112 30912 32212 12 12  
Last updated: 07 Aug 2006                                  
                                   
28. Carbon dioxide emissions per capita and consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs (ODP tons)                                  
 Carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), metric tons of CO2 per capita (CDIAC) 0.4419 0.4078 0.3939 0.5084 0.352 0.9213 0.7935 0.4896 0.4374 0.4885 0.4775 0.5014 0.5241 0.5738      
Last updated: 03 Aug 2006                                  
Carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), thousand metric tons of CO2 (CDIAC) 4654 4425 4413 5884 4202 11313 9996 6314 5770 6595 6609 7128 7662 8634      
Last updated: 03 Aug 2006                                  
 Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP metric tons 9,10 9,10 9,10 9,10 9,10 114.8 114.8 114.8 115.9 9,10 107 114.8 105 104.2 75.6    
Last updated: 14 Jul 2006                                  
Consumption of all ODS 9,10 0 9,10 9,10 9,10 114.82 114.82 114.82 115.9 9,10 107 119.814 109.95 109.7 82.2    
Last updated: 19 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
30. Proportion of population with sustainable access to an improved water source, urban and rural                                  
Total, percentage 36                           53    
Last updated: 28 Jun 2006                                  
 Urban, percentage 23                           75    
Last updated: 28 Jun 2006                                  
 Rural, percentage 40                           40    
Last updated: 28 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
31. Proportion of population with access to improved sanitation, urban and rural                                  
Total, percentage 29                           31    
Last updated: 28 Jun 2006                                  
 Urban, percentage 61                           56    
Last updated: 28 Jun 2006                                  
 Rural, percentage 18                           16    
Last updated: 28 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
32. Proportion of households with access to secure tenure                                  
 Slum population as percentage of urban, percentage 83.1                     83.1          
Last updated: 05 Jul 2006                                  
Slum population in urban areas 2193062                     3918259          
Last updated: 05 Jul 2006                                  
                                   
44. Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods and services                                  
 Debt service as percentage of exports of goods and services and net income from abroad 7.111 9.211 4.911 2.911 6.411 10.711 17.511 18.311 40.211 25.911 20.411 22.311 16.711 13.911 14.811    
Last updated: 03 Aug 2006                                  
                                   
47. Telephone lines and cellular subscribers per 100 population                                  
 Telephone lines and cellular subscribers per 100 population 0.76 0.75 0.49 0.53 0.51 0.51 0.5 0.6 0.62 0.73 0.73 1.23 1.54 2.99      
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
Telephone lines and cellular subscribers 70000 72000 48900 54400 54844 54734 55923 69331 74920 91200 95506 166500 215000 429100      
Last updated: 30 Jun 2006                                  
                                   
48. Personal computers in use per 100 population and Internet users per 100 population (ITU)                                  
 Internet users per 100 population 0           0 0.01 0.02 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.29 0.59 1.22    
Last updated: 07 Aug 2006                                  
Internet users 0           100 750 2500 10000 15000 20000 41000 84000 172000    
Last updated: 07 Aug 2006                                  
Personal computers               8000 10000 12000 15000 17000 27000        
Last updated: 07 Aug 2006                                  
                                   
Footnotes                                  
1. No national data on maternal mortality available. Estimates derived from model.
2. 1990-1992 average.
31995-1997 average.
4. 2001-2003 average.
5. Survey.
6. Data for 2000-2004.
7. Total employment.
8Indicator not applicable as there are less than 5 grades in primary education.
9Countries are not obliged to report for years during which they were not Party to the Montreal Protocol (except for developing countries - termed Article 5 Parties under the Porotocol - for the years 1995, 1996 and 1997 which are required for the determination of the baselines against which compliance with the control measures is determined for those Parties).
10Data Not Reported and Party has no Obligation to have Reported that data at the current time.
11Debt service data come from the World Bank's WDI and GDF databases, based on information provided by countries participating in the Debtor Reporting System. Debt Service comprises payments of interest and principal on public and publicly guaranteed long-term debt and IMF credits. Exports are based on the IMF's Balance of Payments database. Exports comprise goods, services, and income but do not include worker's remittances.
12. GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of commercial energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2000 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Energy data come from the World Bank's WDI and GDF databases. Data on energy use are from the International Energy Agency. GDP is estimated by World Bank staff and are based on national accounts data collected by World Bank staff during economic missions or reported by national statistical offices to other international organizations. Purchasing power parity conversion factors are estimates by World Bank staff based on data collected by the International Comparison Program.
   
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